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It's
a war, isn't it?
I was researching the history of the two "contenders"
inception some days ago. What amazes now, looking back, is
the fact that, in 1999, on the eve of the European launch
of the formats (better, on the eve of the tentative launch
date) SACD perspective seemed to be a dim one.
DVD-A seemed to have all of the trumps in hand to chase away
what seemed to be an ill conceived attempt, on the part of
Sony and Philips, to relive that source of granted profits
CD had been for the previous 20 years, in view of the fact
that the main CD patents were expiring. SACD wasn't superior
to DVD-A in any way.
Technologically; it was just a proprietary duplication of
some of its features, not even all of them.
An evident advantage for DVD-A was the fact that most recording
studios and services were already equipped with high-resolution
PCM chains (at least 20bit/48KHz); more importantly, all of
the majors, with the obvious exception of Sony Music, were
on DVD-A's side. What happened after that, to reverse or,
at least, even out the situation? According to the legend,
a Northern European hacker, fed up with the fact that he couldn't
watch a DVD on his Linux box, cracked DVD-Video's protection
code.
Quite obviously, it didn't work out that way (it was most
probably a team effort), the guy had his troubles with the
law, but the message was clear: with a software the source
code for which readily available all over the Internet, the
purportedly unbreakable DVD-Video anti-piracy code was history.
One of DVD-A's attractives for major label executives was
the fact that it would solve piracy issues, but this, now,
was clearly not the case, not with the same protection scheme
as DVD-Video.
Then the row of delays began: first the launch was delayed
by some months, then by a whole year; if we identify, as a
launch date, the one in which some significant software appeared,
even more than that (someone would say that none of the high
resolution formats has been launched yet, in that sense, but
this would be stretching the truth
). SACD was born secure,
as its protection scheme is a hardware one. If someone needs
to cheat a player into thinking that something which is not
a SACD should be read as if it was, the player needs to be
chipped the Playstation way, but the market numbers aren't
large enough yet for someone to bother with that.
So the proprietary format stole the stage, as Sony and Philips
took advantage of the delay to rush the players and the software
out (even if the players weren't exactly cheap and the software
wasn't exactly plentiful
), even trying to imitate the
successful launch of CD and to build on the kind of available
hardware, which was of a custom, costly high-end nature.
I understand that the triumph of CD over vinyl (analogue brothers,
don't get angry: CD has indeed defeated vinyl commercially),
or at least the awareness of its potentiality to be the single
inventory music distribution format, came from a marginal
sector of the music industry, that of classical music. The
marketing consultants of Sony and Philips must have thought
of a remake of that strategy: the launch was unashamedly a
high-end, two channel one, targeted to that kind of people
who could afford five-thousand-dollars players in software
availability, with jazz and rock classics and classical music.
It wasn't an attempt to flood the market with big numbers,
but SACD has been able to establish a credibility as high-end
format, one for those who appreciate sound quality, targeted
straight at me and you. In the meanwhile, the real assault
could be packed, the ingredients of which would have been
low cost machines, maybe with the ability to play DVD-Video
discs, too, and multichannel software.
To establish a market perception (let's not mention some obviously
surrealistic announcements of thousands available discs in
a few months) Sony went on to finance the SACD projects of
a number of independent, classical or jazz music, audiophile-oriented
or recording quality aware labels (I am quite sure ASV's few
SACD titles have been partially funded by Sony).
In the meanwhile, DVD Forum's WG4 (the "audio" one)
was trying to take a decision. In the end, a revision of the
DVD-Audio standard was issued, with the maligned optional
watermark, and a still uncracked 56bit-encrypted file system;
but SACD was, now, leading. EMI's and BMG's enthusiasm had
almost run out, Universal was changing ownership, indies (with
the exception of some DVD-A oriented, mostly German, label)
had issued their first SACDs with Sony or Philips help and
SACD's viability as a standard was established.
The first DVD-Audio pre-production players were, as it seems,
nothing special sonically, sometimes had troubles even to
run their own demo discs, and were plain bad at playing CDs,
sonically. The first DVD-A player to reach the market, the
Techics DVD-A 10, was an okay machine, but nothing more than
a DVD-Video player on steroids if compared with Sony's and
Marantz's heavyweight SACD players. The main problem was the
fact that if a standard can be too open, DVD-Audio is that
one.
The fact is, a DVD-Audio can have stereo and/or multichannel
tracks, with resolutions ranging from CD standard to 192 KHz/24
bit for stereo and 96KHz/24 bit for multichannel; it can contain
a DVD-Video compatible audio program, it can contain video
features.
"Can" is the word of the day, as it's hard to know
what you're getting from the box (even if, now, most issues
have some information about what's on the disc).
You can have discs whose resolution isn't quite so high (I
have actually seen 16 bit/44.1 KHz: what's the point?)
You can have discs without a stereo program: the format, in
fact, requires an on-the-fly down-mix feature to be performed
by players according to hints annealed in the multichannel
program, a technology which arises lots of doubts on the sound
quality), and the disc might not play on DVD-Video players.
This would be a point in favour of SACD, if there weren't
some doubtful issues on that field also: Universal classical
SACDs (yes, Universal Music has partially joined the SACD
camp in the meanwhile) feature, on the inside of the booklet
- let people know once they bought the record, I say - a table
showing the recording source, and it's mostly 44.1 or 48/24
for new recordings and 96/24 for reissues; an evident by-product
of a U-turn on the preferred format choice, but also the introduction
to SACD of a variable which seemed to be a problem of DVD-Audio
only. It's true that many SACDs are issued from PCM masters
(even some of the Sonys are) but having the evidence is different
from suspecting it.
Talking confusion, do we need to talk record labels? Ok, Sony
is firmly on the SACD camp. Warner is on the DVD-Audio camp,
but this doesn't prevent its Hong Kong subsidiary from issuing
SACDs. Emi have issued some DVD-A, and continue to do so through
Capitol, but they issued The Dark Side of The Moon, there
will be some Bowie titles and there are the Virgin SACDs and
some other ones by national subsidiaries. BMG seem to be on
hold - after Elv1s, nothing much seems to be appearing.
Universal Music, well, Universal Music. Are you joking, guys?
I was ready to write that universal players would solve the
issue of the new digital formats for the consumer, and these
guys announce that they will issue, further to the SACDs they
have brought to the market and to the ones they are fully
committed to issue in the future, DVD-Audios.
To which I would say, fine, no problem for the consumer, he/she
can buy a good multistandard machine and enjoy what he/she
likes, format notwithstanding. But, guys, why issue those
same records on DVD-A you already got out on SACD? There is,
I guess, a 70% overlapping between issued or announced SACDs
and announced DVD-As.
What's the point? I understand a multichannel new mix costs
a lot, but why give the consumers the same in two formats
instead of sticking to one and trying to promote that one?
Is this a race? Cui prodest, as Latins would have it? Or are
you trying a new edition of the failed DVD-Video regional
coding, with DVD-A aimed at the North American market and
SACD aimed at the European one? I am not a marketing or strategy
expert, but, guys, it doesn't take a guru or a genius to predict
it won't work
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